By Erik A. Olsen
Although there are numerous species of trees to consider when growing bonsai, if you want to get involved with this type of art form, chances are you want the best bonsai tree to work with for your region and personal preference. First, if you were just starting out, then we would recommend you consider the Hawaiian Umbrella Tree. Because this particular type of tree can stay indoors all year long, it looks like a houseplant and is easy to grow. However, keep in mind this is just one example of many trees that would be considered the “best bonsai tree.”Another option would be the Ginseng Ficus, which is also called the Banyan Fig and Taiwan Ficus. This particular tree makes a great choice with its dark green leaves that will alternate up the stem and have more of an oval shape. The bark of this particular bonsai tree is a gray to reddish color that has small horizontal flecks that resemble the marks of a tiger. The trunks of the Ginseng Ficus are heavy and the aerial roots are exposed. This is thought of as the best bonsai tree by many because it is so hardy and very tolerant. However, this bonsai likes a good level of humidity so you will need a humidity tray on which to set the pot.You might even look at the Willow Leaf Ficus, also considered one of the best bonsai trees for beginners. The other name is the Mexicana Ficus. No matter what you call it, this tree is beautiful with light green leaves that are elongated. In fact, many people say the leaves of the Willow Leaf Ficus resemble the weeping willing tree, thus the name. This tree does quite well with indoor conditions and in all levels of lighting. Typically, this tree looks best when groomed to about seven inches tall and again, a humidity tray is highly recommended.Then another one of the best bonsai trees is the Dwarf Pomegranate, which is both popular and admired. In addition to being easy to grow, this species also produces magnificent fruit and flowers. You could compare the Dwarf Pomegranate bonsai to that of a full size pomegranate tree, just smaller. The leaves are the same shape, only a little finer and the fruit and flowers, smaller. If you want a smaller bonsai tree, this would be an excellent choice. During the blooming season, you will enjoy stunning yellow-orange colored trumpet style flowers and the trunk is naturally twisting that has a gnarled and ancient appearance.Just remember, there is a long list of trees that would be considered among the best bonsai trees. In fact, just about any plant can be trained in the bonsai style, although it takes patience and dedication. Of the top, you want to focus your attention on Cypress, Pine, Azalea, Holly, Serissa, Fig, Cedar, Camelia, and of course, Pomegranate. Other trees that make excellent bonsai include Zelkova, Cherry, Beech, and Maple, although they typically require a little more work. Regardless of the tree you choose, once you have successfully mastered the process, we guarantee you will be hooked.
See Also:
Best Bonsai Tree
Best Bonsai Tree
www.bonsaigardener.com
Kamis, 27 September 2007
Rabu, 26 September 2007
An Introduction to Bonsai...
The main definition of bonsai as an outlet for both art and horticulture is quite wide. There are many myths which are associated with bonsai. These not only provide confusion for budding enthusiasts, but gives the pastime a bad name for anyone not majorly experienced in the area. A bonsai is not a genetically dwarfed plant and is not kept small by cruelty in any way. In fact, given an adequate supply of water, air, light and nutrients, a properly maintained bonsai should outlive a full size tree of the same species. The techniques of Bonsai are no more cruel than that of any other horticultural endeavour. It is also common belief that bonsai are only a few centimetres tall. This is untrue, although bonsai are small in comparison to their huge life-sized brothers, most are over 25 centimetres tall and up to 1 metre in height.
To the Japanese, there is a link to many of the ideals that their society is based on. Zen Buddhism - where the pastime originated, man, nature, elements and change all are intertwined into this unique method of meditation and expression. To our world now, bonsai is viewed as a hobby that allows a greater understanding and being with nature and also a way to enhance our gardens.
Bonsai can be developed from seeds or cuttings, from young trees or from naturally occurring stunted trees transplanted into containers. Most bonsai range in height from 5 centimetres (2 in) to 1 metre (3.33 ft). Bonsai are kept small and trained by pruning branches and roots, by periodic repotting, by pinching off new growth, and by wiring the branches and trunk so that they grow into the desired shape.
The bonsai with its container and soil, physically independent of the earth since its roots are not planted in it, is a separate entity, complete in itself, yet part of nature. This is what is meant by the expression "heaven and earth in one container". A bonsai tree should always be positioned off-center in its container, for not only is asymmetry vital to the visual effect, but the center point is symbolically where heaven and earth meet, and nothing should occupy this place. Another aesthetic principle is the triangular pattern necessary for visual balance and for expression of the relationship shared by a universal principle (life-giving energy or deity), the artist and the tree itself. Tradition holds that three basic virtues are necessary to create a bonsai: shin-zen-bi standing for truth, goodness and beauty.
Given proper care, bonsai can live for hundreds of years, with prized specimens being passed from generation to generation, admired for their age, and revered as a reminder of those who have cared for them over the centuries. Although these bonsai are extremely beautiful - meticulously cared for over the years and containing such a wealth of knowledge, age is not essential. It is more important that the tree produce the artistic effect desired, that it be in proper proportion to the appropriate container, and that it be in good health.
Bonsai are ordinary trees or plants, not special hybrid dwarfs. Small leafed varieties are most suitable, but essentially any plant can be used, regardless of the size it grows to in the wild. In Japan, varieties of pine, azalea, camellia, bamboo and plum are most often used. The artist never duplicates nature but rather expresses a personal aesthetic philosophy by manipulating it. The bonsai may suggest many things, but in all cases must look natural and never show the intervention of human hands (with the exception of Chinese bonsai which in many cases depicts images of dragons and other influential symbols of the culture at the time of origination). Grown in special containers, bonsai are primarily kept outdoors (with the exception of some plants suited, trained and grown indoors), although they are often displayed on special occasions in the tokonoma, the alcove in the traditional Japanese rooms designed for the display of artistic objects or on a polished stand.
Overall, bonsai are something that are quite personalised and there are no strict rules to abide by if you undertake it merely as a hobby which to gain enjoyment out of. It does not have to be an expensive commitment, but it is a commitment that requires a great amount of time, patience, skill and endurance. Although things may not go to plan, don't give up. Remember that the Japanese bonsai masters were once beginners too and they have surely had their share of trial and error.
source.www.bonsaisite.com
To the Japanese, there is a link to many of the ideals that their society is based on. Zen Buddhism - where the pastime originated, man, nature, elements and change all are intertwined into this unique method of meditation and expression. To our world now, bonsai is viewed as a hobby that allows a greater understanding and being with nature and also a way to enhance our gardens.
Bonsai can be developed from seeds or cuttings, from young trees or from naturally occurring stunted trees transplanted into containers. Most bonsai range in height from 5 centimetres (2 in) to 1 metre (3.33 ft). Bonsai are kept small and trained by pruning branches and roots, by periodic repotting, by pinching off new growth, and by wiring the branches and trunk so that they grow into the desired shape.
The bonsai with its container and soil, physically independent of the earth since its roots are not planted in it, is a separate entity, complete in itself, yet part of nature. This is what is meant by the expression "heaven and earth in one container". A bonsai tree should always be positioned off-center in its container, for not only is asymmetry vital to the visual effect, but the center point is symbolically where heaven and earth meet, and nothing should occupy this place. Another aesthetic principle is the triangular pattern necessary for visual balance and for expression of the relationship shared by a universal principle (life-giving energy or deity), the artist and the tree itself. Tradition holds that three basic virtues are necessary to create a bonsai: shin-zen-bi standing for truth, goodness and beauty.
Given proper care, bonsai can live for hundreds of years, with prized specimens being passed from generation to generation, admired for their age, and revered as a reminder of those who have cared for them over the centuries. Although these bonsai are extremely beautiful - meticulously cared for over the years and containing such a wealth of knowledge, age is not essential. It is more important that the tree produce the artistic effect desired, that it be in proper proportion to the appropriate container, and that it be in good health.
Bonsai are ordinary trees or plants, not special hybrid dwarfs. Small leafed varieties are most suitable, but essentially any plant can be used, regardless of the size it grows to in the wild. In Japan, varieties of pine, azalea, camellia, bamboo and plum are most often used. The artist never duplicates nature but rather expresses a personal aesthetic philosophy by manipulating it. The bonsai may suggest many things, but in all cases must look natural and never show the intervention of human hands (with the exception of Chinese bonsai which in many cases depicts images of dragons and other influential symbols of the culture at the time of origination). Grown in special containers, bonsai are primarily kept outdoors (with the exception of some plants suited, trained and grown indoors), although they are often displayed on special occasions in the tokonoma, the alcove in the traditional Japanese rooms designed for the display of artistic objects or on a polished stand.
Overall, bonsai are something that are quite personalised and there are no strict rules to abide by if you undertake it merely as a hobby which to gain enjoyment out of. It does not have to be an expensive commitment, but it is a commitment that requires a great amount of time, patience, skill and endurance. Although things may not go to plan, don't give up. Remember that the Japanese bonsai masters were once beginners too and they have surely had their share of trial and error.
source.www.bonsaisite.com
A Detailed History of Bonsai..
Bonsai first appeared in China over a thousand years ago on a very basic scale, known as pun-sai, where it was the practice of growing single specimen trees in pots. These early specimens displayed sparse foliage and rugged, gnarled trunks which often looked like animals, dragons and birds. There are a great number of myths and legends surrounding Chinese bonsai, and the grotesque or animal-like trunks and root formations are still highly prized today. Chinese bonsai come from the landscape of the imagination and images of fiery dragons and coiled serpents take far greater precedence over images of trees- so the two forms of this art are quite far apart.
With Japan's adoption of many cultural trademarks of China - bonsai was also taken up, introduced to Japan during the Kamakura period (1185 - 1333) by means of Zen Buddhism - which at this time was rapidly spreading around Asia. The exact time is debatable, although it is possible that it had arrived in AD 1195 as there appears to be a reference to it in a Japanese scroll attributed to that period. Once bonsai was introduced into Japan, the art was refined to an extent not yet approached in China. Over time, the simple trees were not just confined to the Buddhist monks and their monasteries, but also later were introduced to be representative of the aristocracy - a symbol of prestige and honour. The ideals and philosophy of bonsai were greatly changed over the years. For the Japanese, bonsai represents a fusion of strong ancient beliefs with the Eastern philosophies of the harmony between man, the soul and nature.
In an ancient Japanese scroll written in Japan around the Kamakura period, it is translated to say : "To appreciate and find pleasure in curiously curved potted trees is to love deformity". Whether this was intended as a positive or negative statement, it leaves us to believe that growing dwarfed and twisted trees in containers was an accepted practice among the upper class of Japan by the Kamakura period. By the fourteenth century bonsai was indeed viewed as a highly refined art form, meaning that it must have been an established practice many years before that time.
Bonsai were brought indoors for display at special times by the 'Japanese elite' and became an important part of Japanese life by being displayed on specially designed shelves. These complex plants were no longer permanently reserved for outdoor display, although the practices of training and pruning did not develop until later - the small trees at this time still being taken from the wild. In the 17th and 18th century, the Japanese arts reached their peak and were regarded very highly. Bonsai again evolved to a much higher understanding and refinement of nature - although the containers used seemed to be slightly deeper than those used today. The main factor in maintaining bonsai was now the removal of all but the most important parts of the plant. The reduction of everything just to the essential elements and ultimate refinement was very symbolic of the Japanese philosophy of this time - shown by the very simple Japanese gardens such as those in the famous temple - Roan-ji.
At around this time, bonsai also became commonplace to the general Japanese public - which greatly increased demand for the small trees collected from the wild and firmly established the artform within the culture and traditions of the country.
Over time, bonsai began to take on different styles, each which varied immensely from one another. Bonsai artists gradually looked into introducing other culturally important elements in their bonsai plantings such as rocks, supplementary and accent plants, and even small buildings and people which itself is known as the art of bon-kei. They also looked at reproducing miniature landscapes in nature - known as sai-kei which further investigated the diverse range of artistic possibilities for bonsai.
Finally, in the mid-19th century, after more than 230 years of global isolation, Japan opened itself up to the rest of the world. Word soon spread from travelers who visited Japan of the miniature trees in ceramic containers which mimicked aged, mature, tall trees in nature. Further exhibitions in London, Vienna and Paris in the latter part of the century - especially the Paris World Exhibition in 1900 opened the world's eyes up to bonsai.
Due to this phenomenal upsurge in the demand for bonsai, the now widely expanding industry and lack of naturally-forming, stunted plants led to the commercial production of bonsai by artists through training young plants to grow to look like bonsai. Several basic styles were adopted, and artists made use of wire, bamboo skewers and growing techniques to do this - allowing the art to evolve even further. The Japanese learnt to capitalize on the interest in this artform very quickly - opening up nurseries dedicated solely to grow, train and then export bonsai trees. Different plants were now being used to cater for worldwide climates and to produce neater foliage and more suitable growth habits. Bonsai techniques such as raising trees from seed or cuttings and the styling and grafting of unusual, different or tender material onto hardy root stock were further developed.
Bonsai has now evolved to reflect changing tastes and times - with a great variety of countries, cultures and conditions in which it is now practiced.
In Japan today, bonsai are highly regared as a symbol of their culture and ideals. The New Year is not complete unless the tokonoma - the special niche in every Japanese home used for the display of ornaments and prized possessions - is filled with a blossoming apricot or plum tree. Bonsai is no longer reserved for the upper-class, but is a joy shared by executive and factory worker alike.
The Japanese tend to focus on using native species for their bonsai - namely pines, azaleas and maples (regarded as the traditional bonsai plants). In other countries however, people are more open to opinion.
The evolution of bonsai over the past two centuries is truly amazing - now a well known and respected horticultural artform that has spread throughout the world from Greenland to the U.S. to South Africa to Australia. It is constantly changing and reaching even greater heights, representative of how small the world is really getting.
© Copyright, Written by Dan Hubik.
source.www.bonsaisite.com
With Japan's adoption of many cultural trademarks of China - bonsai was also taken up, introduced to Japan during the Kamakura period (1185 - 1333) by means of Zen Buddhism - which at this time was rapidly spreading around Asia. The exact time is debatable, although it is possible that it had arrived in AD 1195 as there appears to be a reference to it in a Japanese scroll attributed to that period. Once bonsai was introduced into Japan, the art was refined to an extent not yet approached in China. Over time, the simple trees were not just confined to the Buddhist monks and their monasteries, but also later were introduced to be representative of the aristocracy - a symbol of prestige and honour. The ideals and philosophy of bonsai were greatly changed over the years. For the Japanese, bonsai represents a fusion of strong ancient beliefs with the Eastern philosophies of the harmony between man, the soul and nature.
In an ancient Japanese scroll written in Japan around the Kamakura period, it is translated to say : "To appreciate and find pleasure in curiously curved potted trees is to love deformity". Whether this was intended as a positive or negative statement, it leaves us to believe that growing dwarfed and twisted trees in containers was an accepted practice among the upper class of Japan by the Kamakura period. By the fourteenth century bonsai was indeed viewed as a highly refined art form, meaning that it must have been an established practice many years before that time.
Bonsai were brought indoors for display at special times by the 'Japanese elite' and became an important part of Japanese life by being displayed on specially designed shelves. These complex plants were no longer permanently reserved for outdoor display, although the practices of training and pruning did not develop until later - the small trees at this time still being taken from the wild. In the 17th and 18th century, the Japanese arts reached their peak and were regarded very highly. Bonsai again evolved to a much higher understanding and refinement of nature - although the containers used seemed to be slightly deeper than those used today. The main factor in maintaining bonsai was now the removal of all but the most important parts of the plant. The reduction of everything just to the essential elements and ultimate refinement was very symbolic of the Japanese philosophy of this time - shown by the very simple Japanese gardens such as those in the famous temple - Roan-ji.
At around this time, bonsai also became commonplace to the general Japanese public - which greatly increased demand for the small trees collected from the wild and firmly established the artform within the culture and traditions of the country.
Over time, bonsai began to take on different styles, each which varied immensely from one another. Bonsai artists gradually looked into introducing other culturally important elements in their bonsai plantings such as rocks, supplementary and accent plants, and even small buildings and people which itself is known as the art of bon-kei. They also looked at reproducing miniature landscapes in nature - known as sai-kei which further investigated the diverse range of artistic possibilities for bonsai.
Finally, in the mid-19th century, after more than 230 years of global isolation, Japan opened itself up to the rest of the world. Word soon spread from travelers who visited Japan of the miniature trees in ceramic containers which mimicked aged, mature, tall trees in nature. Further exhibitions in London, Vienna and Paris in the latter part of the century - especially the Paris World Exhibition in 1900 opened the world's eyes up to bonsai.
Due to this phenomenal upsurge in the demand for bonsai, the now widely expanding industry and lack of naturally-forming, stunted plants led to the commercial production of bonsai by artists through training young plants to grow to look like bonsai. Several basic styles were adopted, and artists made use of wire, bamboo skewers and growing techniques to do this - allowing the art to evolve even further. The Japanese learnt to capitalize on the interest in this artform very quickly - opening up nurseries dedicated solely to grow, train and then export bonsai trees. Different plants were now being used to cater for worldwide climates and to produce neater foliage and more suitable growth habits. Bonsai techniques such as raising trees from seed or cuttings and the styling and grafting of unusual, different or tender material onto hardy root stock were further developed.
Bonsai has now evolved to reflect changing tastes and times - with a great variety of countries, cultures and conditions in which it is now practiced.
In Japan today, bonsai are highly regared as a symbol of their culture and ideals. The New Year is not complete unless the tokonoma - the special niche in every Japanese home used for the display of ornaments and prized possessions - is filled with a blossoming apricot or plum tree. Bonsai is no longer reserved for the upper-class, but is a joy shared by executive and factory worker alike.
The Japanese tend to focus on using native species for their bonsai - namely pines, azaleas and maples (regarded as the traditional bonsai plants). In other countries however, people are more open to opinion.
The evolution of bonsai over the past two centuries is truly amazing - now a well known and respected horticultural artform that has spread throughout the world from Greenland to the U.S. to South Africa to Australia. It is constantly changing and reaching even greater heights, representative of how small the world is really getting.
© Copyright, Written by Dan Hubik.
source.www.bonsaisite.com
The Bonsai Tree Garden
Properly cultivated, bonsai trees can be works of art all by themselves. However, a bonsai tree garden with a lush setting will only accent the bonsai's traditional beauty. How, then, do you cultivate such beauty in your bonsai? Although it may seem very complex, it is actually very easy to do. Once you are familiar with how to do it and get into the "flow," creating a beautiful bonsai tree garden is not that difficult at all. First of all, place bonsai trees where they can be seen. If you hide them
in a corner, they will likely become dry. Bonsai trees also lneed their fair share of sunlight and air. Each part of the tree should get what it needs in air and light, which is essential for a balanced growth. If you look at several bonsai tree gardens, you'll see that the majority of them have been influenced by Japanese culture. A bonsai tree that has had Japanese influence should greatly contribute to the overall appearance of the bonsai tree collection. And although it can be expensive, it does not have to cost a lot of money. When you display the various bonsai trees, you should do it at eye level by "staging" or by using a bench, to allow for a better view. You can also set plants on individual wooden plinths, or fencing posts made into separate tree stands. These are great and very affordable alternatives to the benching style. They can also be used to show off a single bonsai species or several different groups. Japanese accessories such as lanterns can be added to give it a more oriental flavor. Most of all, however, plants are the major focus of the Japanese style bonsai tree garden. If you want to put in more types of bonsai, you can also grow the following in addition to the Japanese bonsai trees. You can grow maples, pines or bamboo. These "architectural" plants have appealed that will remain constant throughout the year. You can also place stepping stones in your bonsai tree garden. These are both functional and ornamental. They will also provide a pathway that will help visitors stay to a certain course and provide a decorative element that is at the same time natural and adds an aesthetic appeal. You can choose either man-made or natural stones, but either will look natural and realistic. They are inexpensive and are available in most gardening shops. For some charming finishing touches to your bonsai tree garden, choose grass, dragons, Buddhas or other accessories. They can further add impact to your collection and make your garden even more enjoyable.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
in a corner, they will likely become dry. Bonsai trees also lneed their fair share of sunlight and air. Each part of the tree should get what it needs in air and light, which is essential for a balanced growth. If you look at several bonsai tree gardens, you'll see that the majority of them have been influenced by Japanese culture. A bonsai tree that has had Japanese influence should greatly contribute to the overall appearance of the bonsai tree collection. And although it can be expensive, it does not have to cost a lot of money. When you display the various bonsai trees, you should do it at eye level by "staging" or by using a bench, to allow for a better view. You can also set plants on individual wooden plinths, or fencing posts made into separate tree stands. These are great and very affordable alternatives to the benching style. They can also be used to show off a single bonsai species or several different groups. Japanese accessories such as lanterns can be added to give it a more oriental flavor. Most of all, however, plants are the major focus of the Japanese style bonsai tree garden. If you want to put in more types of bonsai, you can also grow the following in addition to the Japanese bonsai trees. You can grow maples, pines or bamboo. These "architectural" plants have appealed that will remain constant throughout the year. You can also place stepping stones in your bonsai tree garden. These are both functional and ornamental. They will also provide a pathway that will help visitors stay to a certain course and provide a decorative element that is at the same time natural and adds an aesthetic appeal. You can choose either man-made or natural stones, but either will look natural and realistic. They are inexpensive and are available in most gardening shops. For some charming finishing touches to your bonsai tree garden, choose grass, dragons, Buddhas or other accessories. They can further add impact to your collection and make your garden even more enjoyable.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
The History of a Bonsai Tree
When researching the history of the bonsai tree the most obvious place to start is to know what the word "bonsai" means. The word bonsai is Japanese and literally translated means "potted in a pot or container". The tradition includes a specific set of techniques and methods to grow, shape, and care for the tree. The results of these techniques should have your miniature tree looking like a replica of a naturally grown ancient tree. This method used in this horticulture practice has been taught and passed down through generations. Though the word bonsai originates in Japan the actual
practice, according to bonsai history started and originated in China. China is the true birthplace of this practice and the word the Chinese use to describe it is "pun-sai". The first time you find this ancient art is 1000 BC; the Chinese began to use these methods to cultivate miniature trees in pots. At this time only the very upper class participated in this hobby and if you gave one as a gift it was thought of as very luxurious. The Chinese have gotten very good at this and have even been know to shape the tree trunks into mystical figures or different animal shapes. Many historians speculate that the Chinese got the idea of miniaturizing trees from the healing doctors who grew their different herbs this way so they were easy to take with them. During the Kamakura period of history is when the Chinese practice of pun-sai was adopted by the Japanese. They took many of the Chinese traditions for growing plants. The Japanese began to really develop this technique of growing and maintaining miniature trees in containers. This is why many people make the mistake of thinking that the bonsai tradition actually began in Japan. This art form really began to spread in Japan during the Heian period of history. The Tokugawa era of history brought landscaping to a new level in Japan. It became quite the status quo to have beautiful landscaping. The upper class in Japan began growing miniature trees and they especially grew maple trees and azaleas. When this form of horticulture first began the plants were actually much larger then they are today. Before the 1800s these dwarf trees were actually referred to as "hachi-no-ki" It was not until the Meiji era that they changed the name to "bonsai". The Japanese made growing and cultivating bonsai trees popular. They were also responsible for developing the different techniques and styles that are still popular. This practice did not come to America until the 1990s. Today, bonsai is a very popular hobby and art form through out the world. You can find many shows, exhibits and auctions for bonsai trees. You can find these trees in your local ornamental nursery or there are many place to find them on the Internet. It is a great hobby for those who love history and art. This art form has always fascinated people all over the world and will continue to be passed down to the next generation.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
practice, according to bonsai history started and originated in China. China is the true birthplace of this practice and the word the Chinese use to describe it is "pun-sai". The first time you find this ancient art is 1000 BC; the Chinese began to use these methods to cultivate miniature trees in pots. At this time only the very upper class participated in this hobby and if you gave one as a gift it was thought of as very luxurious. The Chinese have gotten very good at this and have even been know to shape the tree trunks into mystical figures or different animal shapes. Many historians speculate that the Chinese got the idea of miniaturizing trees from the healing doctors who grew their different herbs this way so they were easy to take with them. During the Kamakura period of history is when the Chinese practice of pun-sai was adopted by the Japanese. They took many of the Chinese traditions for growing plants. The Japanese began to really develop this technique of growing and maintaining miniature trees in containers. This is why many people make the mistake of thinking that the bonsai tradition actually began in Japan. This art form really began to spread in Japan during the Heian period of history. The Tokugawa era of history brought landscaping to a new level in Japan. It became quite the status quo to have beautiful landscaping. The upper class in Japan began growing miniature trees and they especially grew maple trees and azaleas. When this form of horticulture first began the plants were actually much larger then they are today. Before the 1800s these dwarf trees were actually referred to as "hachi-no-ki" It was not until the Meiji era that they changed the name to "bonsai". The Japanese made growing and cultivating bonsai trees popular. They were also responsible for developing the different techniques and styles that are still popular. This practice did not come to America until the 1990s. Today, bonsai is a very popular hobby and art form through out the world. You can find many shows, exhibits and auctions for bonsai trees. You can find these trees in your local ornamental nursery or there are many place to find them on the Internet. It is a great hobby for those who love history and art. This art form has always fascinated people all over the world and will continue to be passed down to the next generation.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
Bonsai Species
Bonsai tree species are some of the most spectacular tree species around. Bonsai trees originated from Asia, in particular Japan and China. It is therefore common sense that the most well known bonsai species come from these regions. If you're trying to grow bonsai trees somewhere else besides within these areas, it can be very challenging. To grow bonsai species popular in Japan, you will have difficulty unless your climate is a close match to that in
Japan. For example, if you wish to grow a tropical species of bonsai tree, you may have difficulty growing it if you live in a less temperate climate. However, to get around this, you can try to grow them indoors. Another option is that you can choose a substitute for these more tropical bonsai species. For example, many bonsai enthusiasts like Japanese pines. Since Japanese pines do not favor a less temperate and colder climate, however, the mugho pine is a good substitute, because it can tolerate very cold temperatures. Another example is the Chinese elm. This particular species of bonsai is also not suitable for very cold temperatures. However, the Siberian elm can be substituted for it. Both of these bonsai species grow very quickly, have "twiggy" branching, and can have their leaf growth controlled using the right techniques. Another example of a substitution is that of the tamarack (American) larch, which can be used instead of the evergreen. The sergeant crabapple can be substituted for a bonsai tree that is either fruit or flower bearing. The European birch can be chosen instead of the broadleaf tree. These bonsai species can be used instead of the more common ones, and in addition, they possess some marvelous characteristics of their own. As an example, the tamarack larch's needles change color from green to yellow before they fall off. The sergeant crabapple bears fruit in the fall and flowers in the spring. The European birch's bark is white and also peels off by itself. Each of these bonsai species substitutions can be transformed into attractive bonsai trees. In short, cultivating bonsai trees can be a lot of fun and be very rewarding, even if it is a challenging hobby. Of course, perhaps your greatest challenge first comes in deciding which type of bonsai tree you wish to grow.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
Japan. For example, if you wish to grow a tropical species of bonsai tree, you may have difficulty growing it if you live in a less temperate climate. However, to get around this, you can try to grow them indoors. Another option is that you can choose a substitute for these more tropical bonsai species. For example, many bonsai enthusiasts like Japanese pines. Since Japanese pines do not favor a less temperate and colder climate, however, the mugho pine is a good substitute, because it can tolerate very cold temperatures. Another example is the Chinese elm. This particular species of bonsai is also not suitable for very cold temperatures. However, the Siberian elm can be substituted for it. Both of these bonsai species grow very quickly, have "twiggy" branching, and can have their leaf growth controlled using the right techniques. Another example of a substitution is that of the tamarack (American) larch, which can be used instead of the evergreen. The sergeant crabapple can be substituted for a bonsai tree that is either fruit or flower bearing. The European birch can be chosen instead of the broadleaf tree. These bonsai species can be used instead of the more common ones, and in addition, they possess some marvelous characteristics of their own. As an example, the tamarack larch's needles change color from green to yellow before they fall off. The sergeant crabapple bears fruit in the fall and flowers in the spring. The European birch's bark is white and also peels off by itself. Each of these bonsai species substitutions can be transformed into attractive bonsai trees. In short, cultivating bonsai trees can be a lot of fun and be very rewarding, even if it is a challenging hobby. Of course, perhaps your greatest challenge first comes in deciding which type of bonsai tree you wish to grow.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
Learning About the Bonsai
If you have taken an interest in bonsai trees then it might help to know the history and traditions behind the hobby. The word Bonsai literally translated means "plant in a tray" or "potted plant". Growing bonsais actually combines two hobbies, art and horticulture. The art part of it is because you are not only growing a plant you actually sculpt in to a specific design. The horticulture part is about the actual growing and keeping the tree healthy. An often misunderstood concept
of bonsai is that they are not a particular tree or plant. You can use a wide variety of trees like an azalea, a cypress tree, or either an oak or maple tree. Any of these varieties can be raised as a bonsai. To raise a juniper bonsai is quite simple, the only difference is that it is a miniature version. Those that do not really understand this hobby think it is a little cruel. They feel like the trees are not growing to their normal size because you starve them of the proper nutrients. This is just a misconception; if you do not take care of them properly they will not flourish. You must take as good care of a bonsai as you would any other tree. You must regularly feed and water the tree and like most plants make sure it gets the need sunlight and the occasional repotting. In Japan these plants are family heirlooms and are often passed down through generations. If you do not properly maintain the plant they will die or become permanently dormant. The trimming of the tree is part of routine maintenance, this help to generate new and healthy growth. You do not harm the tree in fact; this is very common practice in all horticulture not just in bonsai. The technique of trimming the actual roots of the plant allows the root system to remain compact with lots of fibrous roots; these fine roots are needed to allow the plant to properly absorb the necessary nutrients. The process of pruning does not slow the growing of the tree. You keep the tree small buy trimming the branches. This is the same maintenance that you would normally perform on a regular tree or bushes. The hobby of growing bonsai trees is very relaxing and helps to relieve stress. It requires time and dedication to create the look you want to achieve. Look around at some mature bonsai trees; this will help generate ideas for your own. If you run into trouble ask a professional for advice. Stay with it and you will have a hobby that can literately last a lifetime.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
of bonsai is that they are not a particular tree or plant. You can use a wide variety of trees like an azalea, a cypress tree, or either an oak or maple tree. Any of these varieties can be raised as a bonsai. To raise a juniper bonsai is quite simple, the only difference is that it is a miniature version. Those that do not really understand this hobby think it is a little cruel. They feel like the trees are not growing to their normal size because you starve them of the proper nutrients. This is just a misconception; if you do not take care of them properly they will not flourish. You must take as good care of a bonsai as you would any other tree. You must regularly feed and water the tree and like most plants make sure it gets the need sunlight and the occasional repotting. In Japan these plants are family heirlooms and are often passed down through generations. If you do not properly maintain the plant they will die or become permanently dormant. The trimming of the tree is part of routine maintenance, this help to generate new and healthy growth. You do not harm the tree in fact; this is very common practice in all horticulture not just in bonsai. The technique of trimming the actual roots of the plant allows the root system to remain compact with lots of fibrous roots; these fine roots are needed to allow the plant to properly absorb the necessary nutrients. The process of pruning does not slow the growing of the tree. You keep the tree small buy trimming the branches. This is the same maintenance that you would normally perform on a regular tree or bushes. The hobby of growing bonsai trees is very relaxing and helps to relieve stress. It requires time and dedication to create the look you want to achieve. Look around at some mature bonsai trees; this will help generate ideas for your own. If you run into trouble ask a professional for advice. Stay with it and you will have a hobby that can literately last a lifetime.
source.www.bonsai-abc.com
How can I make a Bonsai
How can I make a Bonsai
This is the question that I am most frequently asked "How can I make a Bonsai". Instead of trying to answer this myself I suggest that you have a look at the websites I have listed below created by experienced people who have already written some excellent articles about creating and maintaining Bonsai.
If you are really interested then I suggest that you contact a local Bonsai club or Nursery and find out about taking some lessons. Taking lessons is the best way to learn how to create and care for Bonsai. I also recommend that you find and join a local Bonsai Club, not only will you continue to learn more about Bonsai but you will also meet some nice friendly people who are always willing to share their experience.
Another question that I am often asked is "Why did my Bonsai tree die", well the most common reason is that they were kept indoors. Bonsai trees like most plants need to be kept outside in the sun unless there are extremes of climate. Unfortunately many Bonsai are sold by unscrupulous people as indoor trees just to make a sale, some are even sold with rocks and pebbles glued onto the soil to make them look pretty, this will prevent water from getting to the roots. This leads in to the second most common reason for Bonsai to die that is incorrect watering either not enough or too much. Many Bonsai are sold in very small pots which if kept outside as recommended will dry out very quickly in summer and may need watering every day. Watering should be done by completely soaking the soil and then allowing it to drain. The soil should always be slightly damp and should never be sodden with water nor should it completely dry out.
Indoor Bonsai is a very misleading term used in a questionable manner. For most people the term suggests that such bonsai can be grown indoors throughout the year in most homes and offices. But the organized bonsai community also uses the term for outdoor bonsai that are grown "indoors" in very high light in greenhouses. They also use it for tropical outdoor bonsai that are grown outdoors most of the year and brought indoors only during colder weather. These "tropical bonsai," "greenhouse bonsai" or "exotic bonsai" require a very high level of skill with specific care requirements to specific places. If you want indoor bonsai, then house plants must be trained as bonsai check out the link below to True Indoor Bonsai.
How can I make a Bonsai Links
The Bonsai Primer - This website is one of the best Bonsai learning and teaching facilities online, aimed at everybody with an interest in the hobby and are either not 'clubbable' or live a distance from one of what must be the thousand or so Bonsai clubs, scattered around the globe. This site has many good articles with drawings on creating and maintaining Bonsai.
BonsaiBasics.com - So, you've been given a bonsai, or want to start one, and don't know what to do. Well, you've come to the right place. This site caters for you - the novice at bonsai, who either knows absolutely nothing, or very little about this fascinating art.
Brent Walston's Evergreen Gardenworks - this site has some of the best information for more serious bonsai enthusiasts, as well as some good articles for beginners on the selection of nursery grown plant material for bonsai, and the 'Rules' of Bonsai.
Beginning Bonsai - a very comprehensive site on selecting, starting and caring for Bonsai - for the new Bonsai artist.
Bonsai Farm.tv - on this site there is a huge range of vidio snips on hoe to create and care for Bonsai, and a great world of Bonsai video series
Bonsai Tree Tuturials - site that has information about how to create bonsai trees
Online Bonsai Class - run by Herb Gustafson - This is a complete multi part lessons on creating a Bonsai from a 3 gal Juniper procumbens "nana".
Basic Bonsai Correspondence Course - Run by The American Bonsai Society
The Bonsai FAQ - "Frequently Asked Questions"
Phoenix Bonsai Society - "Plants for Bonsai, Seasonal Care Information, Back-to-Basics Workshop Notes
Fuku-Bonsai True Indoor Bonsai - "A website dedicated to Indoor Bonsai
Other Bonsai Links that may be useful
Bonsai Basics Teacher's Guide - by the Golden State Bonsai Federation. This guide is intended to help train teachers and those dedicated bonsai enthusiasts who wish to assist in basic bonsai instruction.
Basic and Intermediate Bonsai Course Teaching Syllabus- by Tom Zane
The Bonsai Doctor - Ask The Bonsai Doctor for help, Nina Shishkoff is a plant pathologist and is happy to try and help cure your sick tree.
Internet Bonsai Club and Bonsai FAQ's
Bonsai Tree Care FAQ's - separate tree species care FAQ's
The GardenWeb Bonsai Forum - Ask questions about Bonsai, discussion group.
Bonsai at Suite101.com - Good site with new articles about Bonsai weekly, ask questions and discussions.
Comprehensive list of Books on Bonsai and Related Arts.
Look at the country pages or our links pages for other Bonsai links around the world
source.www.bonsai-in-asia.com
This is the question that I am most frequently asked "How can I make a Bonsai". Instead of trying to answer this myself I suggest that you have a look at the websites I have listed below created by experienced people who have already written some excellent articles about creating and maintaining Bonsai.
If you are really interested then I suggest that you contact a local Bonsai club or Nursery and find out about taking some lessons. Taking lessons is the best way to learn how to create and care for Bonsai. I also recommend that you find and join a local Bonsai Club, not only will you continue to learn more about Bonsai but you will also meet some nice friendly people who are always willing to share their experience.
Another question that I am often asked is "Why did my Bonsai tree die", well the most common reason is that they were kept indoors. Bonsai trees like most plants need to be kept outside in the sun unless there are extremes of climate. Unfortunately many Bonsai are sold by unscrupulous people as indoor trees just to make a sale, some are even sold with rocks and pebbles glued onto the soil to make them look pretty, this will prevent water from getting to the roots. This leads in to the second most common reason for Bonsai to die that is incorrect watering either not enough or too much. Many Bonsai are sold in very small pots which if kept outside as recommended will dry out very quickly in summer and may need watering every day. Watering should be done by completely soaking the soil and then allowing it to drain. The soil should always be slightly damp and should never be sodden with water nor should it completely dry out.
Indoor Bonsai is a very misleading term used in a questionable manner. For most people the term suggests that such bonsai can be grown indoors throughout the year in most homes and offices. But the organized bonsai community also uses the term for outdoor bonsai that are grown "indoors" in very high light in greenhouses. They also use it for tropical outdoor bonsai that are grown outdoors most of the year and brought indoors only during colder weather. These "tropical bonsai," "greenhouse bonsai" or "exotic bonsai" require a very high level of skill with specific care requirements to specific places. If you want indoor bonsai, then house plants must be trained as bonsai check out the link below to True Indoor Bonsai.
How can I make a Bonsai Links
The Bonsai Primer - This website is one of the best Bonsai learning and teaching facilities online, aimed at everybody with an interest in the hobby and are either not 'clubbable' or live a distance from one of what must be the thousand or so Bonsai clubs, scattered around the globe. This site has many good articles with drawings on creating and maintaining Bonsai.
BonsaiBasics.com - So, you've been given a bonsai, or want to start one, and don't know what to do. Well, you've come to the right place. This site caters for you - the novice at bonsai, who either knows absolutely nothing, or very little about this fascinating art.
Brent Walston's Evergreen Gardenworks - this site has some of the best information for more serious bonsai enthusiasts, as well as some good articles for beginners on the selection of nursery grown plant material for bonsai, and the 'Rules' of Bonsai.
Beginning Bonsai - a very comprehensive site on selecting, starting and caring for Bonsai - for the new Bonsai artist.
Bonsai Farm.tv - on this site there is a huge range of vidio snips on hoe to create and care for Bonsai, and a great world of Bonsai video series
Bonsai Tree Tuturials - site that has information about how to create bonsai trees
Online Bonsai Class - run by Herb Gustafson - This is a complete multi part lessons on creating a Bonsai from a 3 gal Juniper procumbens "nana".
Basic Bonsai Correspondence Course - Run by The American Bonsai Society
The Bonsai FAQ - "Frequently Asked Questions"
Phoenix Bonsai Society - "Plants for Bonsai, Seasonal Care Information, Back-to-Basics Workshop Notes
Fuku-Bonsai True Indoor Bonsai - "A website dedicated to Indoor Bonsai
Other Bonsai Links that may be useful
Bonsai Basics Teacher's Guide - by the Golden State Bonsai Federation. This guide is intended to help train teachers and those dedicated bonsai enthusiasts who wish to assist in basic bonsai instruction.
Basic and Intermediate Bonsai Course Teaching Syllabus- by Tom Zane
The Bonsai Doctor - Ask The Bonsai Doctor for help, Nina Shishkoff is a plant pathologist and is happy to try and help cure your sick tree.
Internet Bonsai Club and Bonsai FAQ's
Bonsai Tree Care FAQ's - separate tree species care FAQ's
The GardenWeb Bonsai Forum - Ask questions about Bonsai, discussion group.
Bonsai at Suite101.com - Good site with new articles about Bonsai weekly, ask questions and discussions.
Comprehensive list of Books on Bonsai and Related Arts.
Look at the country pages or our links pages for other Bonsai links around the world
source.www.bonsai-in-asia.com
Bonsai History
There are several references to plants being kept in pots in Egypt and India in ancient times, these were kept for decorative and medicinal reasons. The first reference to what we now call Bonsai was in China during the Tang Dynasty (618- 907), where they created miniature landscapes and trees that they called Penjing, which literally translated means tray scenery.
One Chinese legend contends that it was in the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) that an emperor created a landscape in his courtyard complete with hills, valleys, rivers, lakes and trees that represented his entire empire. He created the landscape so that he could gaze upon his entire empire from his palace window. This landscape form of art was his alone to possess. It was said that anyone else found in possession of even a miniature landscape was seen as threat to his empire and put to death.
The earliest documented proof of bonsai was discovered in the tomb of Prince Zhang Huai, who died in 706 during the Tang Dynasty. Two wall paintings discovered in the tomb show servants carrying plants resembling bonsai. In one of the paintings a servant is seen carrying a miniature landscape and in the other painting a servant is shown carrying a pot containing a tree.
Penjing in China enjoyed vigorous artistic development during the Song Dynasty (960-1279) and by the early years of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the art had become very popular, and the first manuals appeared. With increasing popularity, more commercial, folkloristic, and regionally diverse streams of Penjing sprang up alongside the more sophisticated, artistic forms. In addition to aesthetically refined Penjing, one could find trees whose trunks had been coiled to represent dragons and animals, or whose canopies depicted layers of clouds, or trees shaped to resemble the strokes of fortuitous characters.
The art of creating miniature trees probably reached Japan during the Heian period(794-1191), during this time Japan sent envoys to China to study arts, architecture, language, literature, law and Buddhism. In so doing the Japanese imported Chinese culture and arts on a large scale. Called Bonsai (tree in a pot or tray) in Japan, this art form was initially limited to the elite noble class and did not start to become popular until the Muromachi era in the 14th century, jointly prospering with the green tea ceremony to become part of Japanese culture
By the Edo era in the 16th century, every citizen of every class, from the Daimyo (feudal lord) to the merchants, wouldn't hesitate at a chance to enjoy Bonsai together, and several competitions for potters were held. During this period the Japanese developed a passion for growing plants and gardens and in this period Bonsai styles appear on prints and illustrations along with life's events and landscapes. It is regarded that the Japanese Bonsai arts reached their peak by the 18th century, and were regarded very highly.
The Japanese went to great lengths to refine the art of Bonsai and a lot of credit must go to these early masters, the refinements that they developed have made Bonsai what it is today, and some consider that the finest Bonsai are still being developed in Japan
While it is almost certain that Western man had in some small way been exposed to Bonsai even as early as the 16th Century by sea traders and missionaries, the earliest Bonsai to come to the west came from Japan and China. The showing of Bonsai at Paris exhibitions in 1878, 1889, 1900 and the first major Bonsai exhibition held in London in 1909 increased western interest in Bonsai. In the late 1800's at least 2 Japanese nurseries had operations in America and a catalog from the S.M. Japanese Nursery Company from 1904 indicates that over six hundred plants were auctioned off over a three day period in New York City. In these early years many westerners felt that the trees looked tortured and many openly voiced their displeasure in the way the trees were being treated by Bonsai masters. It wasn't until 1935 that opinions changed and Bonsai was finally classified as an art in the west.
With the end of World War II, Bonsai started to gain in popularity in the west with soldiers returning from Japan with bonsai in tow sparking western interest in the art. The large Japanese-American population was invaluable to Americans in this respect. Their knowledge in the art of bonsai was of great interest to many Americans learning the art. Today, bonsai are sold in department stores, garden centers, nurseries and many others places. However, most of these are young cuttings and not the true Bonsai produced by Bonsai masters. Most trees purchased today are known as pre-bonsai and are for the most part are only used as a starting point. Good quality Bonsai take many years to grow and develop and may sometimes be bought from specialist nurseries or private collections.
Links to other sites about Bonsai History
A History of Bonsai and the Related Arts - by Robert J. Baran
History, Aesthetics, and Spiritual background of Penjing
History & Warmth of Bonsai
Bonsai in the United States - Bunabayashi Bonsai
Bonsai Between History and Art
History of Vietnamese Landscapes
Dans Bonsai Pages
source.www.bonsai-in-asia.com
One Chinese legend contends that it was in the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) that an emperor created a landscape in his courtyard complete with hills, valleys, rivers, lakes and trees that represented his entire empire. He created the landscape so that he could gaze upon his entire empire from his palace window. This landscape form of art was his alone to possess. It was said that anyone else found in possession of even a miniature landscape was seen as threat to his empire and put to death.
The earliest documented proof of bonsai was discovered in the tomb of Prince Zhang Huai, who died in 706 during the Tang Dynasty. Two wall paintings discovered in the tomb show servants carrying plants resembling bonsai. In one of the paintings a servant is seen carrying a miniature landscape and in the other painting a servant is shown carrying a pot containing a tree.
Penjing in China enjoyed vigorous artistic development during the Song Dynasty (960-1279) and by the early years of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the art had become very popular, and the first manuals appeared. With increasing popularity, more commercial, folkloristic, and regionally diverse streams of Penjing sprang up alongside the more sophisticated, artistic forms. In addition to aesthetically refined Penjing, one could find trees whose trunks had been coiled to represent dragons and animals, or whose canopies depicted layers of clouds, or trees shaped to resemble the strokes of fortuitous characters.
The art of creating miniature trees probably reached Japan during the Heian period(794-1191), during this time Japan sent envoys to China to study arts, architecture, language, literature, law and Buddhism. In so doing the Japanese imported Chinese culture and arts on a large scale. Called Bonsai (tree in a pot or tray) in Japan, this art form was initially limited to the elite noble class and did not start to become popular until the Muromachi era in the 14th century, jointly prospering with the green tea ceremony to become part of Japanese culture
By the Edo era in the 16th century, every citizen of every class, from the Daimyo (feudal lord) to the merchants, wouldn't hesitate at a chance to enjoy Bonsai together, and several competitions for potters were held. During this period the Japanese developed a passion for growing plants and gardens and in this period Bonsai styles appear on prints and illustrations along with life's events and landscapes. It is regarded that the Japanese Bonsai arts reached their peak by the 18th century, and were regarded very highly.
The Japanese went to great lengths to refine the art of Bonsai and a lot of credit must go to these early masters, the refinements that they developed have made Bonsai what it is today, and some consider that the finest Bonsai are still being developed in Japan
While it is almost certain that Western man had in some small way been exposed to Bonsai even as early as the 16th Century by sea traders and missionaries, the earliest Bonsai to come to the west came from Japan and China. The showing of Bonsai at Paris exhibitions in 1878, 1889, 1900 and the first major Bonsai exhibition held in London in 1909 increased western interest in Bonsai. In the late 1800's at least 2 Japanese nurseries had operations in America and a catalog from the S.M. Japanese Nursery Company from 1904 indicates that over six hundred plants were auctioned off over a three day period in New York City. In these early years many westerners felt that the trees looked tortured and many openly voiced their displeasure in the way the trees were being treated by Bonsai masters. It wasn't until 1935 that opinions changed and Bonsai was finally classified as an art in the west.
With the end of World War II, Bonsai started to gain in popularity in the west with soldiers returning from Japan with bonsai in tow sparking western interest in the art. The large Japanese-American population was invaluable to Americans in this respect. Their knowledge in the art of bonsai was of great interest to many Americans learning the art. Today, bonsai are sold in department stores, garden centers, nurseries and many others places. However, most of these are young cuttings and not the true Bonsai produced by Bonsai masters. Most trees purchased today are known as pre-bonsai and are for the most part are only used as a starting point. Good quality Bonsai take many years to grow and develop and may sometimes be bought from specialist nurseries or private collections.
Links to other sites about Bonsai History
A History of Bonsai and the Related Arts - by Robert J. Baran
History, Aesthetics, and Spiritual background of Penjing
History & Warmth of Bonsai
Bonsai in the United States - Bunabayashi Bonsai
Bonsai Between History and Art
History of Vietnamese Landscapes
Dans Bonsai Pages
source.www.bonsai-in-asia.com
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